The Bence Jones proteins blood test is used primarily to diagnose and monitor multiple myeloma, a type of cancer affecting plasma cells in the bone marrow. These proteins are abnormal immunoglobulin light chains produced by malignant plasma cells. In a healthy individual, these proteins are not detectable in urine or blood. However, in multiple myeloma, they can be found in the urine (more commonly) and sometimes in the blood. The test helps assess the disease’s presence, severity, and response to treatment. It’s often used alongside other diagnostic tools, like bone marrow biopsies and imaging studies, to provide a comprehensive view of the patient’s condition.
Frequently Asked Questions
Bence Jones proteins are abnormal immunoglobulin light chains produced by malignant plasma cells, often associated with multiple myeloma or related conditions.
The test is used to diagnose and monitor multiple myeloma and other conditions involving abnormal plasma cells. It helps in assessing the disease's presence, progression, and response to treatment.
The test typically involves analyzing a urine sample. Although it can sometimes be detected in blood, urine is the primary sample used.
There are generally no special preparations required. However, you might need to provide a 24-hour urine collection for the most accurate results.
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The test is non-invasive and involves standard urine collection. There are no significant risks associated with the procedure.
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